Sonya Troller-Renfree researches the effects of early adversity on cognitive and neural development at the Child Development Lab, University of Maryland. We speak to her about how institutional care affects a child’s development, why some kids are more resilient than others, as well as her work on the Bucharest Early Intervention Project. Sonya was a keynote speaker at OrphanCARE Foundation’s conference on “Deinstitutionalization: A Paradigm Shift.”